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Dementia is the name used for a group of brain conditions that make it harder to remember, reason, and communicate. The most common form of dementia is Alzheimer’s disease. Years ago, dementia was often called “senility.” It was even thought to be a normal part of aging. We now know that it’s not normal. It’s caused by ongoing damage to cells in the brain.

Symptoms differ depending on which parts of the brain are affected and the stage of the disease. The most common symptoms include:

  • Memory loss, including trouble with directions and familiar tasks.
  • Language problems, such as trouble getting words out or understanding what is said.
  • Difficulty with planning, organizing, concentrating, and using judgment. This includes not being able to recognize one’s own symptoms.
  • Changes in behavior and personality.

With dementia, nerve cells in the brain are gradually damaged or destroyed. Over time, parts of the brain begin to shrink. This often starts in the part of the brain that controls memory, reasoning, and personality. Other parts of the brain may not be affected until much later in the illness.

Dementia gets worse over time. Symptoms differ for each person, but there are three basic stages which may last from months to years:

  • Early stage: A person may seem forgetful, confused, or have changes in behavior. However, he or she may still be able to handle most tasks without help.
  • Middle stage: More and more help is needed with daily tasks. A person may have trouble recognizing friends and family members, wander, or get lost in familiar places. He or she may also become restless or moody.
  • Late stage: Alzheimer’s can cause severe problems with memory, judgment, and other skills. Help is needed with nearly every aspect of daily life.

At present, there’s no cure for dementia. But with proper care, many people can live comfortably for years:

  • Medicines are a key part of treatment. Some types can slow the progression of symptoms, such as memory loss. Others can ease mood, behavior, and sleep problems. These medicines work for some people but not for all.
  • Activity and exercise are good for body and mind. They may even slow the progression of the disease. Simple, repetitive activities are good choices.
  • Regular healthcare provider visits can help people keep track of symptoms and overall health.
  • The sleep-wake cycle can be mixed up in patients with dementia. They may function better being up at nighttime and sleeping during the daytime.
  • Social interactions are important to maintain.

For more information on dementia, visit the Health and Wellness page, https://www.outerbankshealth.org/Health-Wellness and click on “Health Library” on the left-hand side.

Outer Banks Health is proud to announce its designation as the first Dementia-Friendly Hospital in the state of North Carolina. “Dementia friendly means recognizing that people with cognitive impairments have special needs and ensuring that those who care for and provide services for these individuals are trained in best practices,” said Marcia Bryant, TOBH vice president of clinical operations. “We made the decision to lead the way for other Dare County organizations and businesses, as well as hospitals across the state, because North Carolina has the ninth-fastest growing senior population in the U.S.”

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If so, you are not alone as 1 in 5 adults suffer from tinnitus. Tinnitus is any sound in the ears but it is most commonly described as ringing and it can range in severity from mild to debilitating.  It is important to discuss tinnitus with your primary care physician and have a comprehensive hearing test with an audiologist to determine if it is a symptom of a serious health condition.  One of the best strategies for people who suffer from tinnitus is to avoid complete silence with low background noise.

Most tinnitus patients will say they notice it the most when trying to go to sleep at night and the house is quiet. There are a number of free apps that can be downloaded that generate soothing sounds to help with mild cases of tinnitus.  Relax Melodies is one example of a free app that many find useful as background noise when trying to fall asleep.  There are many sound choices including fan noise, ocean sounds, and rain that can be played at a low level to provide distraction from the sounds in your ears.  This is a good solution for individuals with mild tinnitus but more severe tinnitus often requires a combination of coping strategies that can be discussed with your audiologist.

This blog was written by Krista Follmer, AuD, Audiologist with Outer Banks Health. If you feel the need to discuss tinnitus or any other issues, please contact her office, Outer Banks Health Ear, Nose & Throat, at 252-449-5760. For more information, visit the Ear, Nose & Throat services page.

Posted by & filed under Health Tips, Womens Health.

There are a number of good options for improving communication on the telephone.  Having a current hearing test can help determine what the most appropriate choice is for your situation.  There is a little known federal program that provides captioned telephones for free for individuals who do not benefit from simply turning the volume up on the phone.  Captioned phones display the words of the call similar to closed captioning on the television so you can see and hear your phone call.

Schedule a hearing test today with your audiologist to discuss phone options and have an application signed for a free captioned phone, if appropriate, based on your hearing results.

This blog was written by Krista Follmer, AuD, Audiologist with Outer Banks Health. To schedule a hearing test, please contact her office, Outer Banks Health Ear, Nose & Throat, at 252-449-5760. For more information, visit the Ear, Nose & Throat services page.

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Cardio Pulmonary rehabilitation (rehab) programs help people with chronic respiratory problems breathe better and improve their overall health and strength. The programs are led by healthcare professionals who are trained to treat people with lung disease. With their help, you’ll learn about your condition and gain skills to help you manage it.

There are many benefits from the rehab. These include:

  • Do more of the things you enjoy.
  • Improve your strength.
  • Be more independent.
  • Complete daily activities, such as household tasks, with less shortness of breath.
  • Manage your symptoms and medicines. This can mean fewer emergency room visits and less time in the hospital.
  • Deal with shortness of breath.
  • Quit smoking. This is the most important change you can make for your health.

What does rehab include?

  • Exercise. To help you increase endurance, strength, and flexibility.
  • Education. About your lung problem.
  • Self-management. Information about medicines, oxygen, and other equipment.
  • Counseling. Emotional support and problem-solving.
  • Stop-smoking. For smokers, ways to quit and support.

Outer Banks Health currently operates a Cardio Pulmonary Rehab center in the Medical Office Building. If you’d like to get answers to your healthcare questions and set/meet realistic goals, please discuss with your primary care physician who can refer you to the program.

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Prescription Drug Addiction

There are many reasons why people take prescription medications. They may use them to ease pain, anxiety, or attention deficit disorder. Most of these people use such potentially addictive drugs correctly. But some people end up abusing them.

In some cases, people may abuse drugs that aren’t prescribed to them. They may get them from friends or family members. Or they may buy them from drug dealers on the street.

What drugs are likely to be abused?
The three types of prescription drugs most often abused are:

1. Pain Relief (Opioids – include morphine, codeine, and drugs that contain hydrocodone, oxycodone, and fentanyl)
2. Anxiety and sleep disorders (Tranquilizers – include alprazolam and diazepam)
3. Those for narcolepsy and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (Stimulants – amphetamine, dextroamphetamine, and methylphenidate.)

What are the symptoms of prescription addiction?
Signs of addiction include the following:

  • Loss of control over taking a medication
  • Hiding pills
  • Obsessively counting pills
  • Finding ways to get more of a drug by making unnecessary emergency room or licensed healthcare provider visits
  • Taking a drug or medication more often than directed
  • Taking higher doses than instructed because the previous dose did not provide the same effect
  • Taking a drug with other drugs or alcohol and/or crushing and snorting a pill instead of swallowing it

Who’s at risk for prescription addiction?
Both women and men abuse prescription drugs at about the same rate. Women are twice as likely to become addicted as men. People at the highest risk for addiction are those who have other addictions or who have abused prescription drugs in the past.

What steps can be taken to avoid addiction?
Take medications only as prescribed. Get possibly addictive medications only from one licensed healthcare provider and one pharmacy.

If you have opioids, tranquilizers, or stimulant prescription medications, keep them in a safe place. Lock them up to keep them secure. Don’t share them with anyone else; it is illegal. The prescription is for only you.
If you feel you need help, contact the Mobile Crisis Team at 866-437-1821.

For a list of local resources, download our Jan/Feb 2017 Health Coach newsletter

Posted by & filed under Health Tips, Home, Orthopedics Sports Medicine.

Everyone has an individual genetic potential for bone mass and strength. Unfortunately, bone strength declines with age. For women, the bones begin to lose strength during menopause. Many women, and men too, develop a disease of the skeletal system known as osteoporosis.

A bone density test is mainly done to look for osteoporosis (thin, weak bones) and osteopenia (decreased bone mass) so that these problems can be treated as soon as possible. Early treatment helps to prevent bone fractures. The complications of broken bones related to osteoporosis are often severe, particularly in the elderly. The earlier osteoporosis can be diagnosed, the sooner treatment can be started to improve the condition and/or keep it from getting worse.

A bone density testing may be used to:

  • Confirm a diagnosis of osteoporosis if you have already had a bone fracture
  • Predict your chances of fracturing a bone in the future
  • Determine your rate of bone loss
  • See if treatment is working

You should ask your healthcare provider if it’s time to “check in with your bones.” He or she can explain the test, which is painless, and also make a referral to Outer Banks Health for your bone density test.

Posted by & filed under Cancer Care, Health Tips, Home.

It’s a fact that cigarette smoking causes most cases of lung cancer. The sooner you quit, the more your chances are reduced of getting cancer and other diseases. Did you know that just 20 minutes after quitting, your heart rate and blood pressure drop? Also interesting is that just two weeks to three months after quitting, your circulation improves and lung function increases. Our bodies respond when we make healthy choices. Which is why quitting tobacco is a really great idea.

Make sure to discuss your smoking history with your primary care doctor whether you currently smoke of have quit. Like with most cancers, catching lung cancer in the early stages greatly improves your chances of a positive outcome. Depending on how many years and how much you smoke or did smoke, your doctor may recommend that you have a lung cancer screening test. Outer Banks Health offers free low-dose CT lung cancer screenings to qualifying individuals. For more information, call 252-449-9102.

Posted by & filed under Cancer Care, Health Tips, Home, Womens Health.

It’s natural to avoid pain. Sometimes we skip activities that we really love to do like walking on the beach or playing a round of golf because it causes pain in our joints. It’s well known that a lack of movement or exercise can cause other health issues which is why it is important to discover the cause of your joint discomfort. An orthopedic specialist can evaluate your condition and discuss treatment options with you.

Joint replacement surgery may be a consideration only if other options fail to provide relief. For some, that thought is overwhelming. Which is why Outer Banks Health offers a joint replacement education program known as “Joint Camp”. It’s an opportunity for individuals who are considering or are scheduled for joint replacement to learn about the surgery. The two-hour class goes over how to prepare for surgery, what to expect during surgery and the hospital stay, as well as how to continue a successful recovery after discharge from the hospital.

If you would like to learn more about treatment options for joint pain and/or about “Joint Camp”, call Outer Banks Health Orthopedics & Sports Medicine at 252-261-9940.

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Hearing loss is one of the most common health conditions, particularly as people age. Most people over the age of 65 have some hearing loss, and by age 80, almost everyone does. Because hearing loss usually occurs slowly over the years, you may not realize your hearing ability has gotten worse. Here are some signs that you should have your hearing checked:

•    Have to strain to hear normal conversation.
•    Have to watch other people’s faces very carefully to follow what they’re saying.
•    Need to ask people to repeat what they’ve said.
•    Often misunderstand what people are saying.
•    Turn the volume of the television or radio up so high that others complain.
•    Feel that people are mumbling when they’re talking to you.
•    Find that the effort to hear leaves you feeling tired and irritated.
•    Notice, when using the phone, that you hear better with one ear than the other.

It’s best to discuss your concerns with your primary care professional first who will then determine if you should be referred to a hearing specialist.